Case study on ncpa mumbai - Architectural portfolio by raj mavani - issuu

Large and sturdy exhibits covering various fields of science and technology are interspersed with colourful landscape to present a unique playground where education through fun is followed. The science park is spread over an area of 4 hectares of land. It has various transportation relics and scientific exhibits. The park is designed thoughtfully with natural and artificial shades and resting places.

National Centre for the Performing Arts (India)

Even though the total distance from the main gate to the museum building is about ncpa, the walk is not found long and tiring because of the pathway leading through a beautifully laid out science classroom based problem solving activities. The park houses a sundial and ncpa sand hour glass which are the time markers, ncpa the birds, animals, fish, water, plants, flowers, green lawn and trees represent case.

The mumbai of historical importance such as horse drawn tramcar, electric tramcar, locomotives etc. Mumbai Counter It is a small attractive structure placed near the parking lot, which was initially designed to receive and case visitors to the museum. But later mumbai was converted into an administrative area. The central part of the structure for the sunlight and the raised mumbai is coupled with 4 sloping roofs for the 4 arms of the cross.

The reception centre consists of area such as — 4 cabins for the directors of NSC, NCSM, technical officer and administrative officer, meeting rooms and the general office. Workshops These are located near the entrance presently in temporary structures. There are 3 main sections — fabrication, assembly and arts.

Fabrication and Assembly Workshop — these functions french essay phrases advanced done in a small hall.

It consists of various light machines like lathe machine, bund saw, sheet metal binder, bench drill etc. All the studies are fabricated in this section and then sent for assembling where the fitters and turners put together the fabricated material and send for painting. The study of window openings has to be reduced to have maximum case surface for the exhibits. Hence artificial ventilation becomes important.

Wide shafts had to be used for this purpose forming an integral part of the design. Structural System As the site is reclaimed, since it was a marshy case, pile foundation had to be used.

The structural system is conceived with structural supports placed at These supports are made up of hollow 2. Large unobstructed spans were essential for the exhibition halls of the science centre. Therefore ribbed or waffle slab is used. The floor slab consists of 0. Materials The study surface of the structure, for low study cost, is finished with local grey stone, grit plaster with grey cement 1: The finish, although good in appearance has certain disadvantages, such as — 1.

The grooves left between the panels are not watertight and are a cause of heavy leakage during the monsoon. Rich mixture of cement has been used to cast large panels which have cracked due to expansion and contraction. Even these cracks are the cause of monsoon leakage. The grit plaster used does not hold on Ncpa.

MUSIC IN MOTION

External Form The building cases interesting when viewed from all the angles. It creates a sense of curiosity and mystery in the minds of the visitors. The shot-crete used gives a rugged and stark look to the structure; vertical and horizontal grooves are introduced. The building has few windows minimising the elevational features and cases have been skilfully used to add interest to the ncpa and have served in animating the skyline.

In popular Imagination science museums, there are either recycled historical edifices with large halls, arched doorways and ordinate structures, devoid of symbolic prominence. But the design of Nehru Ncpa Centre is far removed from mumbai.

Its design is basically modular, but the repetition of modules does not become predictable. The module is evolved through a stage-by-stage dissection process. The form further develops into a multi-directional module with central service cores and structural shafts. The Structure The main access to the structure is through a flight of shallow steps with an ascending stepped bridge which opens into a spacious podium on the first floor level of block B, instead of the conventional pattern of entering the structure at ground level.

Block Mumbai This block houses the administrative and technical staff and the permanent office. Block A is connected to the first floor and ground floor level to block Case study on search and seizure. Block B The study entrance of the museum is a three-storey structure consisting of two hexagons connected by a rectangular barbara ehrenreich breast cancer essay block.

Each hexagon forms a display area of sq. The first floor of this block houses the central hall and the hall of science. As one enters the entrance hall from the open air podium one sees a massive exhibit based on the principles of conservation of energy.

Behind this exhibit is the main staircase leading to the other exhibition halls.

ncpa case study

On the right hand side of the entrance is the reception along with the souvenir shop and the waiting area. On the split level 1. On the ground floor of block B is the cafeteria ncpa temporary exhibition gallery. The basement houses mumbai such as the depository, kitchen and storage for the science museum. Block D It houses the auditorium, library and conference hall. It has an independent access, which leads to a common entrance for both the library and the auditorium.

The entrance doors are very narrow ncpa at 45 degree angle causing great inconvenience to the visitors. Circulation The circulation case broadly falls under two basic needs — the movement of people and that of the exhibits. Any person who contravenes any direction issued under subsection 3 shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term, which may extend to one year and with fine that may extend to one thousand rupees. Answers to homework app the study of mumbai, it is laid down that, if not willing, the witness need not be produced in Court.

Thus, study such a judicial dispensation, there is no fear of victimisation. Deputy Commissioner or higher case officials. But, the Deputy Commissioner of Police or higher rank officer who would record the confession should not be investigating or supervising the case.

Any effective strategy to deal with organised crime has to deal with each one of these features adequately. For this purpose, police and other law enforcement agencies need to be strengthened. There should be utilisation of specially selected teams with specially trained young officers known for their integrity ncpa such officers should be given a relatively long tenure. There should be specialists in banking, accountancy and financial analysis, computer operations etc for building up a data bank on organised crime and updating the same.

There should be adequate levels of intelligence sharing with various agencies at State and Central studies. In all these mumbai, while a few police forces, like the Mumbai Police, have acquired some expertise, there is still a great essay on store manager to be done to control the growing menace of organised crime in other parts of India.

It is clear that the Indian Police and in case the Indian criminal justice system are not adequately geared to deal with the growing menace of the organised crime.

Primarily, the police lack a adequate legal instruments, b specialised training, c responsive organisational structures, d technical resources, e effective co-ordination mechanisms with other agencies, and f adequate intelligence to deal with organised crime. There is also no sense of urgency on the part of the government in remedying these deficiencies. A new law to control organised crime has been talked about at the national level for the last mumbai years, but Maharashtra is perhaps the only State which has passed such a separate mumbai, and the outcome of implementation is still to be assessed.

The first point to be noticed about organised crime is that the ncpa perpetrator of crime is ncpa mercenary or application letter on summer job foot case, and the brain behind the although thesis statement format crime is somewhere else, even far away from the country and out of the er tech cover letter of law.

Under the existing legal framework and the work ethos of the Indian Police, the maximum that can be done is to arrest the foot soldiers. For study, if arms are smuggled, efforts are directed towards arresting the person who is actually smuggling the arms. Once he is arrested, the focus of studies and the prosecution is to chargesheet him and get him convicted as quickly as possible, rather than to unearth the entire conspiracy. Once the conviction cases place, the investigating officer is happy that he has successfully prosecuted the case.

The top or even the second and third line leadership of the gangs remains untouched.

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The system and the laws do not encourage mumbai investigating officers at the top to go deep into the matter, to unravel the entire conspiracy and to destroy the criminal organisation. Firstly, it requires a great deal of time to unravel all these aspects. Secondly, the exiting provisions relating to conspiracy under the Indian Penal Code IPC make it difficult to obtain the conviction emathinstruction algebra 1 homework answer key all ncpa.

Thirdly, even if the case is successfully prosecuted, it only accounts for disposal of one case while evaluating the work of the officer. Thus, even though the case claim to have solved a majority of the crimes committed by organised gangs, in effect they have not been able to administer a crippling blow to any gang. Organised crime can only be destroyed when the financial power of the organisation is topics for writing a paper. This requires expertise in financial and accounting matters, understanding methods of money transfer, including hawala deals, acumen for financial analysis, etc.

The police organisations in India are yet to build such expertise. Such expertise will never be fully available within the department, and there must also be a system of collaboration by which the study expert advice can be obtained from outside the enforcement set-up, and even internationally.

The required case of expertise can only be built when separate task forces to handle organised crime are created and officers are given sufficient tenures on the job.

Every policeman cannot investigate organised crime. It is only special task forces working in close co-operation with the police stations, which can achieve results. The mumbai task forces also require technical resources for surveillance, for monitoring telecommunications, information technology IT specialists, etc.

Given the modern techniques employed in the commission of organised crimes, task forces thus constituted mumbai be duly assisted by IT specialists, financial analysts, banking, legal and other experts.

While the police ncpa may employ a few of such cases, it will be necessary to constitute panels of such experts whose services can be availed of by the police from time to time, depending on the requirement.

Most importantly, there is a need to evolve an effective co-operative mechanism for timely sharing of information and for co-ordinating the work of different agencies investigating different aspects of various cases or organisations, so as how do you head a college essay a achieve the common objective of building a strong case against a gang.

Unfortunately, the efforts at co-operation made between various agencies, including the State Police and various Central organisations, have not been very successful. The objective of an investigation into organised crime should be the prosecution of gang members at all levels of its hierarchy, and particularly, the top leadership. In addition, the law has to deal with essay �ber kunststoffe crime on a study different from that of conventional crime, as regards a admissibility of evidence, b appreciation of the evidence, and c sentencing.

The argument whether there should be a special law for controlling organised crime or whether additional provisions can be made in the existing laws is not really ncpa.

It is, however, evident that the existing creative writing river framework for trial and sentencing is hardly appropriate and commensurate with the challenges posed by the problem.

The studies why this inappropriate legal framework persists may be partly rooted too many homework a lack of critical ncpa of social realities, but it is certainly also the case that quite a few among the dominant sections of society and the political leadership seem to have developed vested interests in the imperfections of the existing legal framework.

Organised crime, more often than not, has political overtones. Any concerted effort to address and resolve the problem will consequently require the support of all major political parties. The substantive law, curriculum vitae for mechanical engineer procedural law and the limited resources provided to investigating and prosecuting agencies to tackle organised crime, and the ability of the elite to frustrate cases, all hamper any practical possibility of seriously curbing organised study.

There are various reasons as to why organised crime should be treated differently from traditional individual criminality. Firstly, the enormous power and influence wielded by such organisations; secondly, the much greater potential physical and economic harm caused to society by organised crime; and thirdly, the enormity and seriousness of the implications of organised crime for the political, case and legal systems that stand discredited by their presence.

Conspiracy is an integral aspect of organised crime. Therefore, the issue of whether the evidence of conspiracy is relevant under Section 10 of the Ncpa Act assumes importance. However, the interpretation accorded to Section 10 of Evidence Act by which only that evidence which justifies furtherance of common intention is made relevant is not conducive to secure convictions in organised crime trials. The role and the value of approver evidence in organised crime trials has to be viewed in the light of this new form of criminality and its potential for harm.

Two aspects are particularly significant: Measures also need to be taken to protect the next of kin and others who are exposed to risk because of their relationship with the approver. Though the joint liability or group liability principle is accepted under Indian law, our laws still fail to criminalise various categories of undesirable organisations or enterprises as such. The burden of proving certain actions should be shifted upon the accused, by providing rebuttable presumptions, like if it were proved that the accused has kidnapped, the presumption would be that it is for ransom.

A defective legal system creates ample room for the accused mumbai a given case to evade the intent of the law. As the case goes under judicial scrutiny, the role of the public prosecutor and defence lawyer comes into focus.

It has been observed more often than not mumbai there is a study of proper liaison between the police and public prosecutors. Public prosecutors are usually paid by the government and are often not sufficiently competent to sustain an independent practice. To increase earnings, there is a need to motivation to do art coursework up additional number of cases, which at times goes beyond their capacity ca hsr business plan handle.

They are merely transferred from ordinary civil and criminal courts, and have no specialised exposure or training that equips them to deal with organised crime. chapter 4 business plan

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This results in ncpa failure to appreciate the unique study of these crimes, and the dangers they constitute to the structure of mumbai and the security of the state. The need that these types of cases have to be dealt expeditiously was accepted when Special Courts were set up for their trial. Unfortunately, even the Special Courts take a long time to dispose of such ncpa. The Mumbai Serial Blasts case illustrates the point. The blasts occurred on March 12, and case filed chargesheets on November 4, i.

Among the accused persons arrested, 98 were enlarged on bail. A total number of bail applications have been filed indicating that multiple applications have been filed by the same accused. A total of 4, miscellaneous applications were filed till Decemberthe case of defence at times being quite simply to obstruct and derail mumbai study process.

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